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Avraham Shifrin
Avraham Shifrin ((ベラルーシ語:Аўраам Ісакавіч Шыфрын); Yiddish: שיפרין אברהם; Russian: Авраам Исаакович Шифрин, Avraam Shifrin; born on October 8, 1923 in Minsk, USSR, died on March 5, 1998 in Jerusalem) was a Soviet-born human rights activist, Zionist, author, lawyer, and Israeli politician who spent a decade〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Red Slave Camps: A Warning To Us )〕 in Soviet prisons for allegedly spying for the US and Israel. Avraham Shifrin was one of the world’s top authorities on the Soviet system of prisons and slave labor camps.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Enemy of the Gulag )〕 Shifrin's testimonies before Internal Security Subcommittee of the Senate and other congressional committee (House Banking and Currency Committee, 1973), provided the world with the major listing of Soviet slave labor camps.
==Biography==
Avraham Shifrin was born on October 8, 1923 in Minsk, USSR (modern Belarus) into a Jewish family. His father, Isaak Shifrin, was arrested in 1937, sentenced under false charges to ten years of corrective labor in Kolyma. During World War II, Isaak Shifrin fought in Shtrafbat, Soviet penal battalion, where he was drafted as a son of the Enemy of the people (Russian language: сын врага народа, "syn vraga naroda"). Within days, ninety percent of his unit was dead or wounded and Shifrin had been wounded twice.〔 Participated in the Battle of Königsberg, was awarded the Medal "For the Capture of Königsberg". As a lawyer, in 1949–1953, he worked for the Soviet Ministry of Defense and at the same time actively participated in the Zionist movement. In 1953 was falsely accused in spying for the US and Israel and sentenced to death. Later, the death sentence was changed to twenty five years in Gulag, five years of exile to remote regions, and five years of revoking civil rights.〔 In 1963 Shifrin was released from prison; in 1970 repatriated to Israel. Shifrin testified before the Senate Committee on the Judiciary in 1973 that American prisoners of war were being held in Soviet prison camps.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Israeli Who Saw Pows In Soviet Union )〕 According to Arnold Beizer, a Hartford lawyer, the testimony was corroborated by Russian President Boris Yeltsin in 1992, who said American soldiers had been transferred to Russian labor camps.〔
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